The small intestine is the site where almost all of the digestion and absorption of nutrients and minerals from food takes place. ... The inner surface of the jejunum, its mucous membrane, is covered in projections called villi, which increase the surface area of tissue available to absorb nutrients from the gut contents.
The digestive process
The digestive tract -- also called the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal -- provides the pathway through which foods move through the body. During this process, foods are broken down into their component nutrients to be available for absorption.
Extra information
Digestion actually begins in the mouth, as the enzymes in saliva begin to break down carbohydrate (starch). As food is chewed, it becomes lubricated, warmer, and easier to swallow and digest. The teeth and mouth work together to convert each bite of food into a bolus that can readily move into the esophagus ("the food pipe"). In the meantime, taste buds located in the mouth help you to enjoy each mouthful -- or to find the food distasteful, as is sometimes the case. After the bolus is swallowed, it enters the esophagus where it continues to be warmed and lubricated as it moves toward the stomach.
The acidic environment of the stomach and the action of gastric enzymes convert the bolus into chyme, a liquefied mass that is squirted from the stomach into the small intestine. Carbohydrates tend to leave the stomach rapidly and enter the small intestine; proteins leave the stomach less rapidly; and fats linger there the longest.
The small intestine is the principal site of digestion and absorption. There, enzymes and secretions from the pancreas, liver, gallbladder, and the small intestine itself combine to break down nutrients so that they can be absorbed. The pancreas is a veritable enzyme factory, supplying enzymes to digest proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. Intestinal cells also supply some enzymes. The liver produces the bile required for the emulsification of fat, and the gallbladder stores the bile until it is needed. The absorption of nutrients in the small intestine is facilitated by tiny projections called villi, which provide more surface area for absorption. The nutrients pass through the intestinal membranes into the circulatory system, which transports them to body tissues. Nutrients are then absorbed into the cells, where they are used for growth, repair, and the release or storage of energy. The overall process -- called metabolism -- is highly complex.
Undigested chyme proceeds from the small intestine into the large intestine (colon), where it becomes concentrated, as liquid is absorbed in preparation for excretion. Bacteria cause fermentation, which facilitates further breakdown, but absorption of nutrients from the large intestine is minimal.
When studying a complex biological phenomenon, it is required to look at the workings of the various systems associated with it. The research is a top-down approach of getting down to the very detail of the cells and molecules taking part in it. Example, a person finds it difficult to digest milk and vomits it on ingestion. As we go a level down, we identify the systems getting affected by the milk. Then, further down, the cells that take in digesting the milk are identified. The enzymes that break down the substances in the milk are identified. The gene regulation of this enzyme (lactase) is studied to check its regulation. This work of doing a top-down approach to find the signalling pathway within the cells to identify the problem with the working of lactase to digest milk, is a necessary approach.
I think it’s A, the number of electrons equals the protons in a neutral atom
The _Scrotum____ is an external genital structure in the male that contains the testes.
To learn more about Scrotum or external genitals here
brainly.com/question/4124334
#SPJ4
