Answer: Behavior modification
Explanation:
The behavior modification is a process, which involves the alteration of the behavioral patterns by improvising the learning techniques as positive or negative reinforcement as biofeedback. Behavior modification process is based upon the idea of promotion of good behavior and restricting the bad or negative behavior. In this punishment is given to stop the bad behavior.
The given situation is an example of behavior modification. As it involves the reinforcement process which will make children punctual and active for their daily routine activities. This can induce positive behavior of children or improvement in behavior for their betterment.
The correct answer is (c.) Milton Hershey. Milton Hershey was the founder of The Hershey Chocolate Company. Hershey was the entrepreneur who created a benevolent company town for his employees that is called the "company town" in Hershey, Pennsylvania.
This is an example of negative reinforcement.
Her mother scolded her every time Jane bit her nails - so Jane learned that every time she bites her nails, she is going to be scolded sternly by her mother. In order to avoid that, she stopped biting her nails, and thus the reinforcement was successful.
A lot of countries had totalitarian leaders during this time, such as Germany (Hitler), Italy (Mussolini), Japan (Tojo), Spain (Franco), Portugal (Salazar), and possibly many others, too.