Answer;
Cycilc AMP
Explanation;
-Second messengers are molecules that relay signals received at receptors on the cell surface; such as the arrival of protein hormones, growth factors, etc., to target molecules in the cytosol and/or nucleus.
-Many of the chemical messengers such as hormones, that transmit messages from one cell to another never enter the target cell, these molecules are known as first messengers which work by binding to a specific receptor on the cell surface. The receptor then stimulates or inhibits the production of a so-called second messenger within the cell.
-The second messenger are small molecules such as Cyclic AMP, which activate an effector within a cell.
Answer:
Copper and Sulfur Elements
Fungicides are pesticides that prevent, kill, mitigate or inhibit the growth of fungi on plants, but they are not effective against bacteria, nematodes, or viral diseases.
hope i helped
Answer:
Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation as a function of the wavelength or frequency of the radiation. Simply, spectroscopy is the study of color as generalized from visible light to all bands of the electromagnetic spectrum; historically, spectroscopy originated as the study of the wavelength dependence of the absorption by the gas phase matter of visible light dispersed by a prism. Matter waves and acoustic waves can also be considered forms of radiative energy, recently gravitational waves have been associated with a spectral signature in the context of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory as well. Spectroscopy, primarily in the electromagnetic spectrum, is a fundamental exploratory tool in the fields of physics, chemistry, and astronomy, allowing the composition, physical structure and electronic structure of matter to be investigated at the atomic, molecular and macro scale, and over astronomical distances.
The spectrum is determined by measuring changes in the intensity or frequency of this energy. The types of radiative energy studied include: Electromagnetic radiation was the first source of energy used for spectroscopic studies. Techniques that employ electromagnetic radiation are typically classified by the wavelength region of the spectrum and include microwave, terahertz, infrared, near-infrared, ultraviolet-visible, x-ray, and gamma spectroscopy. Dynamic mechanical analysis can be employed to radiating energy, similar to acoustic waves, to solid materials. The types of spectroscopy also can be distinguished by the nature of the interaction between the energy and the material example:Absorption- when energy from the radiative source is absorbed by the material. Elastic scattering and reflection spectroscopy determine how incident radiation is reflected or scattered by a material. Crystallography employs the scattering of high energy radiation, to examine the arrangement of atoms in proteins and solid crystals. Coherent or resonance spectroscopy are techniques where the radiative energy couples two quantum states of the material in a coherent interaction that is sustained by a radiating field. Spectroscopic studies are designed so that the radiant energy interacts with specific types of matter.
Answer:
e. Epistatic interaction of the two genes
Explanation:
The 9:7 ratio is typical of the Duplicate Recessive Epistasis.
The expected phenotypic ratiio of the offsrping of a dihybrid cross is:
9 A_B_
3 A_bb
3 aaB_
1 aabb
In the Duplicate Recessive Epistasis, the A_bb, aaB_ and aabb individuals all have the same phenotype, making for the ratio 9:7. What those three genotypes have in common is that in all of them at least one of the two genes is homozygous recessive (either <em>aa</em> or <em>bb</em>).
This usually happens one the products of genes A and B are enzymes of the same metabolic pathway.
Whenever both A and B are present, the pathway can produce the final product and a certain phenotype. However, if any of the dominant alleles is missing, the enzyme is not produced and therefore the final product of pathway is not produced, giving the other phenotype.
