Answer:
a. They are what households or firms pay for products or resources.
Explanation:
The circular flow model shows how money flows in the society, from producers to workers in the form of wages, and back to the producers as money paid for products thereby providing exchange between the household and the firm.
The household work for firms in exchange for money to pay for goods and services offered by the firm while the firm sell there goods to the household so as to be able to generate profits.
The amount that Howard should report as taxable income from pensions and annuities when he files his tax return is $30, 000.
<h3>How to find the taxable income?</h3>
The Taxable income that Howard would report would depend on the contributions he made towards his retirement when he was still working. If these contributions were after - tax, then it would mean that he would not need to pay taxes.
However, as mentioned in the question, Howard did not contribute any after-tax dollars to the plan. This means that his entire income will be taxable.
Howard's taxable income would therefore be the entire $ 30, 000 annually.
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Answer:
$200 loss
Explanation:
Long call profit = Max [0, ($123 - $120)(100)] - $500 = -$200.
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