The answer is D because the first paragraph of the passage contains a "however" in the middle. This clearly depicts that the author is making an effort to show a different view other than the normal thinking. Furthermore, in the second paragraph of the passage, the author is simply trying to explain the reasons why seals are different and the need for them to forage.
It's a speech because it involves a prepared message an audience and a message for them to decode, it could be on any subject matter, the subject matter is to be understood, that is the purpose to be achieved
