The most correct answer here would be are D - tribal and religious groups.
Tribal and religious groups are a serious obstacle in the middle east which disabled the probability of achieving a stable and democratic government in any short period to be seen.
Answer:
Judicial restraint is a theory of judicial interpretation that encourages judges to limit the exercise of their own power. It asserts that judges should hesitate to strike down laws unless they are obviously unconstitutional, though what counts as obviously unconstitutional is itself a matter of some debate.
Explanation:
<u>The first official Czar of Russia was </u><u>Ivan the Terrible</u>. Upon reaching adulthood, Ivan was crowned Czar of all Russia (1547). Before him, all rulers of Muscovy were Grand Princes. He was the first to appoint himself Czar "Caesar" (European tradition of "Emperor") whose power comes directly from God. Such a title gave Russia and its ruler significant weight in the eyes of European monarchs. Ivan the Terrible was recognized emperor by Queen Elizabeth I, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II and others.
<em>Russian Ivan Grozny (also called </em><em><u>Ivan IV</u></em><em>) was ruthless. His reign saw the completion of the construction of a centrally administered Russian state and the creation of an empire that included non-Slav states.</em>
Answer:
Translate to english please
Explanation:
