Different map projections are necessary because they were created to address different situations. Cartographers are the professionals that elaborate map projections. They do it in order to have a visualization of the Earth Surface.
We can’t have just one map projection because there is non-single map that creates a perfect image of the Surface of the Earth. That is why cartographers need various maps to overcome the problem of distortion. It could be areas distortion or distances distortions. Different maps help to meet distinct needs.
The Geocentric theory or model proposed that the Earth was the center of the universe and the Sun rotated around it. Religion played a big role throughout history in trying to perpetuate this scientifically erroneous idea, which started appearing as a biblical perspective pointing towards specific passages in the holy book. A classic one would be Psalms 93:1, in which Earth is described as a static place "established, firm and secured". The church's support of geocentrism can be traced back to literal intepretations of the bible and a refusal to lose credibility and power as science proved them wrong.
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Answer:
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In the United States immigrant communities became a larger political influence in the early 19th century because of their dramatically increasing numbers. There were a large number of Irish and German immigrants coming to the US at this time due to famine in Ireland and political persecution in Germany. In response to the large influx of immigrants and their potential to influence the political system different groups of Americans took on anti-immigrant or "nativist" views, being strongly against the influx of immigrants and feared that these new immigrants would take their jobs. In response the Know-Nothing Party was formed to opposed this increased immigration politically.