A client taking warfarin after open heart surgery reports pain in both knees. Based on the effects of the medications and the report of pain, bleeding must be suspected as the cause of the pain by the nurse.
Open-heart surgery is any type of surgery in which an incision is made in the chest to operate on the heart muscle, valves, or arteries.
Open-heart surgery may be performed to perform CABG. People with coronary artery disease may need coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Open-heart surgery is nowadays called traditional heart surgery. Today, many new heart surgeries can be performed with only small incisions rather than wide openings. Therefore, the term "open-heart surgery" is misleading.
Warfarin, sold under brand names such as Coumadin, is a drug used as an anticoagulant.
It is widely used to prevent blood clots such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, and to prevent atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, and stroke in people with artificial heart valves.
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It’s the gluteus Maximus and tenser fasciae latae though the latter is not in your choices
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Answer:
a. Glucagon - Pancreas
b. Cortisol - Adrenal gland.
c. Calcitonin - Thyroid gland.
d. TSH - Pituitary gland.
e. GHRH - Hypothalamus.
f. Insulin - Pancreas.
g. Oxytocin - Hypothalamus.
Explanation:
a. Glucagon is a peptide hormone which is synthesized and secreted by alpha cells of insulin. It regulates level of blood sugar by increasing glucose level during hypoglycemic conditions.
b. Cortisol is a lipid-derived hormone, which is produced by cortex of adrenal gland. It increases level of blood sugar under stress conditions and triggers anti-inflammatory and anti-stress pathways.
c. Calcitonin is a peptide hormone, which is produced by thyroid hormone. It is a hypocalcemic hormone that decreases level of blood calcium when blood calcium concentration reaches above the normal level.
d. TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) is produced by anterior lobe of pituitary gland. It triggers production of thyroid hormones (T4 and T3) from thyroid gland.
e. GHRH (growth hormone releasing hormone) is produced by hypothalamus. It gives signal to pituitary gland for the production of growth hormone.
f. Insulin is a peptide hormone, produced by beta cells of pancreas. It regulates blood sugar level by decreasing blood glucose during hyperglycemic conditions.
g. Oxytocin is is synthesized by hypothalamus and is released by posterior lobe of pituitary gland. It plays role in labour pain and lactation.
Inhibiting cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) enzymes.
NSAIDs are one of the classes of medications that doctors most frequently prescribe. When using NSAIDs, patients frequently have stomach pain, and some of them go on to encounter major gastrointestinal issues such ulceration, bleeding, perforation, or blockage.
The majority of NSAID digestive adverse effects are related to COX inhibition, which lowers prostaglandin levels in the stomach mucosa. Arachidonic acid is transformed into prostaglandin (PG) H2, which is a precursor of PGs and thromboxane, by the enzymes cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-1 and COX-2).
These lipid mediators are crucial for both normal physiological processes and inflammatory and painful processes.
Here is another question with an answer similar to this about (COX-1) enzymes: brainly.com/question/19168320
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Answer:
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