Due process and equal protection under the law-- due process requires laws be carried out fairly and equally.
The laws of the US are suppose to be "blind" in particular for the justice system. Despite the sex, race, or origin of a person laws should be executed and judged equally. Despite the expectation the system does fall short because it relies on the unbiased thinking of the citizen which is difficult to come by. As a result the whole corrections system deals with the issues like the example in the question where race, ethnicity, sex, and social class can determine the outcome of arrests and ruling on laws.
The Supreme Court case that found the use of the grandfather clause unconstitutional is the Guinn v. United States, 238 U.S. 347 (1915). In its decision, the Supreme Court ruled that the grandfather clause<span> exemptions to </span>literacy tests<span> were unconstitutional. It declared the grandfather clauses as </span><span>repugnant to the Fifteenth Amendment and therefore null and void.</span>
Explanation:
1.Constitutional Amendments. Article V gives Congress the power to propose amendments by a two-thirds vote in each house.
2. Impeachment Power
3.investigatory Power.
Hope it helps.
Nigeria's Presidents name is Muhammadu Buhari