Answer:
At age 16, Adams earned a scholarship to attend Harvard University. After graduating in 1755, at age 20, Adams studied law in the office of James Putnam, a prominent lawyer, despite his father's wish for him to enter the ministry. In 1758, he earned a master's degree from Harvard and was admitted to the bar.
Explanation:
Answer:
Judicial review is the power of the courts to declare that acts of the other branches of government are unconstitutional, and thus unenforceable. For example if Congress were to pass a law banning newspapers from printing information about certain political matters, courts would have the authority to rule that this law violates the First Amendment, and is therefore unconstitutional. State courts also have the power to strike down their own state’s laws based on the state or federal constitutions.
Today, we take judicial review for granted. In fact, it is one of the main characteristics of government in the United States. On an almost daily basis, court decisions come down from around the country striking down state and federal rules as being unconstitutional. Some of the topics of these laws in recent times include same sex marriage bans, voter identification laws, gun restrictions, government surveillance programs and restrictions on abortion.
Other countries have also gotten in on the concept of judicial review. A Romanian court recently ruled that a law granting immunity to lawmakers and banning certain types of speech against public officials was unconstitutional. Greek courts have ruled that certain wage cuts for public employees are unconstitutional. The legal system of the European Union specifically gives the Court of Justice of the European Union the power of judicial review. The power of judicial review is also afforded to the courts of Canada, Japan, India and other countries. Clearly, the world trend is in favor of giving courts the power to review the acts of the other branches of government.
However, it was not always so. In fact, the idea that the courts have the power to strike down laws duly passed by the legislature is not much older than is the United States. In the civil law system, judges are seen as those who apply the law, with no power to create (or destroy) legal principles. In the (British) common law system, on which American law is based, judges are seen as sources of law, capable of creating new legal principles, and also capable of rejecting legal principles that are no longer valid. However, as Britain has no Constitution, the principle that a court could strike down a law as being unconstitutional was not relevant in Britain. Moreover, even to this day, Britain has an attachment to the idea of legislative supremacy. Therefore, judges in the United Kingdom do not have the power to strike down legislation.
Explanation:
nationalparalegal.edu /JudicialReview.aspx
He sent federal troops to protect Meredith and allow him to enroll.
In 1962, an African American man named James Meredith attempted to enroll at the all-white University of Mississippi. After the Kennedy administration brought out 31,000 National Guardsmen and other federal forces to execute the law, riots broke out on the Ole Miss campus, leaving two people dead, hundreds injured, and many others jailed.
Brown v. Board of Education, a landmark 1954 Supreme Court case, determined that racial segregation in educational and other institutions violated the 14th Amendment of the United States Constitution, which guaranteed equal treatment of the law to all people within its authority.
This judgement substantially undermined the "separate but equal" rule established in 1896 by an earlier court case, Plessy v. Ferguson, which determined that equal protection was not breached as long as both groups were treated with reasonably equal conditions.
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D. They led small, surprise attacks on British troops.
Answer: Vietnamization was the policy to end the U.S. involvement in the Vietnam war.
Explanation:
War changed because the new policy made it where the U.S. troops involvement was going to end, and they were no longer going to partake in the Vietnam War
