Technically, yes. Unless they are already an American citizen on vacation.
Several Japanese Americans were forced to leave their homes and families to go to internment camps since America was paranoid about Japanese spies.
It has to be (b) by process of elimination
In the Scopes "Monkey trial" in 1925, a substitute school teacher was accused
by the state of Tennessee of violating the state law that made it illegal to teach
human evolution in any state funded school.
Scopes wasn't even sure whether he had ever actually
taught evolution, but he
said that he did, so that the case
could come to trial and be heard.
