Psychology Major here! :) Hope this helps:
1) Up to date, there is still no definite answer when it comes the capacity of information a brain can withhold - it is truly unlimited.
2) The size of a brain varies between species and its capacity to retain information varies as well.
3) Humans have the most complex psychological process to understand, however, there are many other species who have incredible cognitive intelligence. (Such as dolphins, for example.)
4) When damage is done to a certain side of the brain and there is a need to remove the damaged area, there is a possibility that the undamaged parts of the brain can take over the same functions as the removed area. (Therefore, for example, the remaining part of your brain can still nearly function to a maximum capacity depending of the severity of damage... as well as area).
5) The brain named itself "brain".
(The brain controls you, but you control the brain.)
Hi. Although you submitted a text, you did not submit any questions regarding it. This prevents me from giving you any answers. However, to help you out, I'll explain what the text presented means. Hope it's useful.
The text posed in the question above is an excerpt from "Of Plymouth Plantation" written by William Bradford, where he presents a real account of the life of the first English settlers, recently arrived in America. In this excerpt, he shows how the arrival in America was very challenging for all the settlers. They had already faced problems on the way between England and America and when they arrived in the new world, they landed in a place where there was no one to help them with anything. The settlers had neither house nor food, they had to face the harsh winter without any resources to protect them, they did not know any place they could shelter and lived in constant concern about being attacked by the "savages", that is, the natives.
Answer:
if leg a is the missing side, then transform the equation to the form when a is on one side, and take a square root: a = √(c² - b²)
if leg b is unknown, then. b = √(c² - a²)
for hypotenuse c missing, the formula is. c = √(a² + b²)
