Some reasons were that Native Hawaiians were against U.S. annexation, and the controversy of how US marines used force against the Queen Liliuokalani of Hawaii (held her at gunpoint) and also the fact that President Grover Cleveland himself was against annexation.
b.must be the correct answer
<span>It was The Netherlands. Manhattan was originally
named New Amsterdam (after the city in Holland) and this part of North
America (including the Hudson River Valley) was originally named New
Netherland.</span>
The countries that attended the conference were: Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Denmark, France, the German Empire, Italy, Netherlands, the Ottoman Empire, Portugal, the Russian Empire, Spain, Sweden-Norway, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America who had a special right to accept or decline the terms of the deal and the participation in the deal.
The effects of the conference were mostly in regards to the African Continent. They wanted to find a way to spread their empires and gain strength while not fighting each other, so they decided to cut Africa up into smaller pieces and divide it among themselves. The result was that 90% of African territory was taken by various European powers.
I would say the internet since overtime, the internet is becoming used more than books and physically notes.