Question

Evolution never occurs in a straight line. There are always branches and nodes that can be seen along the way. Based on the image, which two statements are true?
All organisms have had one common ancestor in the past.

Chimpanzees are more evolved than all other organisms.

Gorillas share an extinct ancestor with bonobos.

Humans and chimpanzees are equally evolved.

Orangutans are unrelated to gorillas or bonobos.

Answer 1

Ans.

In a evolutionary or phylogenetic tree, the nodes represent common ancestral species of the descendants, which are represented by the tips of branches, arising from the nodes.

According to the given evolutionary tree, all organisms are evolved from a common ancestor, represented by the last node, which was present about 13 million years ago. Hence, the option 1). is correct.

The second last node is showing a common ancestor to gorilla, chimpanzee, bonobo, and human, which was evolved to different species about 6 million years ago. Hence, the option 3). is correct.

Thus, the correct options are 'option (1). and option (2).'