Water pollution affects marine ecosystems by completely killing it off. Pollution kills fish, reefs, and other underwater life. With this pollution, animal's behaviors can change, and habitats are destroyed.
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<em>open lake </em>is a lake where water constantly flows out under almost all climatic circumstances. Because water does not remain in an open lake for any length of time, open lakes are usually fresh water: dissolved solids do not accumulate. Open lakes form in areas where precipitation is greater than evaporation. Because most of the world's water is found in areas of highly effective rainfall, most lakes are open lakes whose water eventually reaches the sea.
<em>closed lake </em>(see endorheic drainage), no water flows out, and water which is not evaporated will remain in a closed lake indefinitely. This means that closed lakes are usually saline, though this salinity varies greatly from around three parts per thousand for most of the Caspian Sea to as much as 400 parts per thousand for the Dead Sea. Only the less salty closed lakes are able to sustain life, and it is completely different from that in rivers or freshwater open lakes.
A cyclic change in the earth system repeats the same steps over and over, though not necessarily with the same results or at the same rate.
The Earth's climate cycles across a wide range of time scales, from years to decades to centuries to millennia. Different physical processes can start cycles at different scales. All of these layered systems and cycles working in concert determine the climate over any particular period.
Scientists examine Earth's cycles in an effort to understand how our world functions. Our planet's climates can vary as a result of modifications to Earth's cycles. Our understanding of how humans are influencing these cycles and how that can transform the world will grow as we learn more about them.
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<span>Erosion by rivers is a main valley-forming
process; other processes, such as movement of the earth's crust and
glaciers, also have an important part in some cases. The rate at which a
river deepens its valley depends on several factors.</span>
