Answer:
1. Direct characterization
2. Indirect characterization
3. Direct characterization
4. Direct characterization
5. Indirect characterization
Explanation:
In direct characterization, the author simply tells the readers which personality traits a character possesses.
In indirect characterization, however, the author describes different situations to show us the personality of a character. This is achieved through the character's speech, thoughts, actions, effect on others, and appearance.
For instance, to describe Jolene, the author uses direct characterization, as he/she simply lists her character traits - attentive, helpful, etc. When it comes to Shana, however, the author describes her reaction when her dog disappeared, and it is our task to conclude which character traits she might possess.