17 billion - 9 billion = 8 billion so the surplus is 8 billion
This is the answer to your question
False. The very first record of astronomy was dated around 500 B.C where Greeks inherited these documents from the Babylonians which lived around 1800 B.C. 50,000 years ago, the Upper Paleolithic era happened where our ancestors were still making some stone drawings about their tribes and they are still crafting ancient materials while they gather more and more resources in order to learn more about making civilization. There were artifacts being made during this era, but astronomical artifacts were not yet developed during this time.
The main way in which lawmaking at Jamestown differed from lawmaking at Plymouth was that lawmaking in the former was based primarily on crop cultivated and survival, whereas many of the laws passed in the latter revolved around God, since they were a highly religious colony. <span />
The Triple Intervention was a diplomatic intervention between France, Russia and Germany.