Plant pollen can provide information of what type of plants grew during that era and area. In turn, it can also determine how the Earth''s climate has changed over time. Identifying the species of the plants through the pollen will help because when scientists compare them to the plants today and the climates they thrive in, they will be able to tell what type of climate that certain plant existed in.
The answer is True.
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<u>Helper t-cells</u> identify antigens and then multiply and trigger the production of other kinds of immune cells.
<h3>What are helper T-cells?</h3>
Helper T-cells are one of the main types of immune cells. They detect infections and activate other immune cells to fight the infection.
Your thymus develops helper T-cells. The thymus is a small gland in the front of your chest. The other types of T-cells include:
- Cytotoxic T-cells, which fight infections.
- Regulatory T-cells, which regulate or suppress other immune cells when needed.
- NKT-cells, which can enhance immunity in general.
<h3>What are the subtypes of helper T-cells?</h3>
When helper T-cells detect an infection, they form into one of two subtypes:
- TH1 helper cells release a molecule that activates a type of cell called a macrophage. Macrophages are specialized cells that help eliminate foreign substances from your body. TH1 cells also activate cytotoxic T-cells.
- TH2 helper cells release molecules that activate B-cells. B-cells create antibodies. They also release cells that cause coughing, sneezing or diarrhea to help your body get rid of foreign substances. This group of T-cells helps generate allergy antibodies.
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Unicellular organisms
Explanation:
Unicellular organisms typically respires faster to release energy.
Respiration is a gaseous exchange between cells and the environment. Here, oxygen is taken in by the cell and carbon dioxide is the by product of the metabolic process.
- Unicellular organisms will respire faster because they are at the lowest level of organisation.
- The cells are in direct contact with the environment.
- They do not require special set up to obtain and circulate oxygen in them.
- The waste of the metabolic process is also discarded easily and very fast.
- Organisms at lower levels of organisation typically have a faster rate of respiration.
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<span>One important mechanism of evolution, natural selection, </span>does<span> result in the evolution of improved abilities to survive and reproduce; however, this does not mean that evolution is progressive — for several reasons
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