This question is missing the passage. I've found the complete question online. It is the following:
Read the passage from Animal Farm.
In April, Animal Farm was proclaimed a Republic, and it became necessary to elect a President. There was only one candidate, Napoleon, who was elected unanimously. On the same day it was given out that fresh documents had been discovered which revealed further details about Snowball's complicity with Jones. It now appeared that Snowball had not, as the animals had previously imagined, merely attempted to lose the Battle of the Cowshed by means of a stratagem, but had been openly fighting on Jones's side. In fact, it was he who had actually been the leader of the human forces, and had charged into battle with the words "Long live Humanity!" on his lips. The wounds on Snowball's back, which a few of the animals still remembered to have seen, had been inflicted by Napoleon's teeth.
How does this passage demonstrate the use of propaganda?
A. It uses bandwagon by claiming that Snowball was fighting alongside Jones.
B. It uses scapegoating by blaming Snowball for actions he is not responsible for.
C. It uses hyperbole by exaggerating Snowball’s actions during the Battle of the Cowshed.
D. It uses repetition by repeating tales of Snowball’s actions during the Battle of the Cowshed.
Answer:
The passage demonstrates the use of propaganda because:
B. It uses scapegoating by blaming Snowball for actions he is not responsible for.
Explanation:
<u>Scapegoating is a propaganda technique used to relieve someone from guilt or responsibility by blaming someone else. It distracts people's attention to the one being blamed, preventing them from focusing on the problem itself and the fact that it needs to be fixed.</u>
The passage we are analyzing here is an example of scapegoating. It was taken from the allegorical novella "Animal Farm", by George Orwell, in which the animals are used to represent the leaders and the people of Russia after the revolutions that led to the Soviet regime.
Napoleon, one of the pigs, has become a dictator on the farm. <u>To divert the animals' attention from the atrocities he is committing, he blames Snowball, a pig who no longer lives at the farm.</u> In reality, Snowball was the one pig who truly worked to benefit all the animals. Napoleon kicked him out of the farm in order to obtain power for himself. Now, <u>he uses Snowball as a scapegoat, blaming him for things he has never done. By doing that, Napoleon controls, confuses, and scares the other animals.</u>
