Article VII of the Constitution of the United States describes the process by which the entire document would be ratified and would begin to be effective.
The ratification of the Convention of the nine States could be sufficient for the establishment of the Constitution among the States that ratified it. But this process posed a problem and a danger to the Constitution of the United States: if it was not ratified by all States (the original thirteen), states that rejected ratification could be divided into different countries. Thus, when New Hampshire became the ninth state to ratify it (1788), Virginia, New York, North Carolina and Rhode Island waited to see which of the two options (whether to ratify Article VII or give rise to other countries) was more popular and more beneficial for the US UU. The Congress, established under the Articles of the Constitution, elected on March 4, 1789 as the day "to begin the constitutional process." Virginia and New York ratified the Constitution before this date; North Carolina and Rhode Island ratified it later. Then the new rulers took power in the remaining eleven states.
In 1865 President Andrew Johnson implemented a plan of Reconstruction that gave the white South a free hand in regulating the transition from slavery to freedom and offered no role to blacks in the politics of the South. The conduct of the governments he established turned many Northerners against the president's policies.