Answer:
11. D. Jerusalem
12. A. Christians and Muslims
13. C. the Pope
Explanation:
11. D. This was followed later in the year by the Council of Vermonter, during which Pope Urban II supported the Byzantine request for military assistance and also urged faithful Christians to undertake an armed pilgrimage to Jerusalem.
12. A. The Crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups. In all, eight major Crusade expeditions occurred between 1096 and 1291. The bloody, violent and often ruthless conflicts propelled the status of European Christians, making them major players in the fight for land in the Middle East.
13. C. On November 27, 1095, Pope Urban II makes perhaps the most influential speech of the Middle Ages, giving rise to the Crusades by calling all Christians in Europe to war against Muslims in order to reclaim the Holy Land, with a cry of “Deus vult!” or “God wills it!”
The correct answer is - protection of the cargo.
The wicker fence on the ships of the Phoenicians had the purpose to protect the cargo. Since the sea waters are not always calm, and very often, out of nowhere, a storm can emerge and contribute to bigger waves, as well as rocking of the ship itself, the Phoenicians invented a simple trick, and that was the wicker fence. With it on place, the cargo was safe on the boat, and it was not able to slip away and be lost in the sea.
The correct answers to these open questions are the following.
When the first Europeans arrived, there were 17 different Indian peoples, tribes, and languages in North America?
Answer: false.
It is false that when the first Europeans arrived, there were 17 different Indian peoples, tribes, and languages in North America. When they arrived, historians say that many more Indian tribes and languages already existed in the North American region.
How did the first Americans get to North America?
Answer: They walked over a land bridge from Asia.
Indeed, nomads from Asia were following herds to hunt the animals and feed their families. They used the Bering Strait to cross from Asia)modern-day Russian territory) to Alaska(American territory). Some historians say that in those years, a portion of land was above the sea level and people crossed over it. Other theories say that the strait was frozen and people could cross it to get to what today is Alaska.
The Munich Conference came as aresult of a long series of negotiations. Adolf Hitler had demanded the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia; British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain tried to talk him out of it.
