Humans tend to congregate and form settlements around areas that are rich with natural resources such as forests and rivers, because these locations support life and the economy.
Substinence farming is farming food that is just enough to live off of. You don't sell substinence crops.
Commercial farming is growing food to sustain you, and having enough left over to sell.
In both, you grow food and you keep some (or all) for yourself.
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Many migrants in Latin America are what can be called 'environmentally displaced people', where the environment is one factor which has led them to move. ... One significant trend is the rising 'urbanisation of poverty' as people migrate to the cities.
Well, for one, religion has changed, as well as the practice of those religions. Christianity and Islam, the world's largest religions, did not exist/rise to prevalence until just prior to the Middle Ages. The changing nature and expression of religion would certainly cause differences in art expression. Certain religions were also oppressed through the eras you've mentioned, and oppression and fear are powerful emotions that would also influence art. There are a million different factors that go into this, but I hoped this helped a little.