Answer: the county of Edessa (1097–1150); the principality of Antioch (1098–1287) this is for number 2
1. When Pope Urban had said these and very many similar things in his urbane discourse, he so influenced to one purpose the desires of all who were present that they cried out, ‘It is the will of God! It is the will of God!’’’
So wrote the monk Robert of Rheims in his Historia Hierosolymitana (‘History of Jerusalem’) during the early 1100s. Some years earlier, on 27 November 1095, Urban II preached a public sermon outside the town of Clermont in central France, summoning Christians to take part in the First Crusade, a new form of holy war. It was a carefully stage-managed event, in which the pope’s representative, the papal legate Adhémar of Le Puy, supposedly moved by the pope’s eloquence, tore up strips of cloth to make crosses for the crowds. Urban had been travelling through France accompanied by a large entourage from Italy, dedicating cathedrals and churches and presiding over reforming councils, and his proposed crusade was part of a wider programme of church reform. In March that year, at the Council of Piacenza, a desperate Byzantine emperor, Alexius I Comnenus, had pleaded for western help against the Seljuk Turks, whose conquests were decimating Byzantium and preventing Christians from reaching pilgrimage sites. Urban wanted to extend the hand of friendship to the Orthodox church and to heal the schism with Catholicism, which had gone from bad to worse since the time of his predecessor Leo IX.
We have a number of accounts of Urban’s speech, contemporary and later, although they differ somewhat in what they record. Yet we know that he called on knights to vow to fight in a penitential pilgrimage on Christ’s behalf, in a war to defend the Holy Land from Muslim oppressors, and that he used the Christian symbol of the cross as an emotive sign of commitment to the enterprise. Urban promised the crowds that crusading would not just benefit the church and European Christian society but their own souls, since all sins, past and present, would be wiped away through his dramatic promise of the ‘remission of sins’.
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Answer:
The correct answer is D. The French did not push them off their land or try to change their customs.
Explanation:
The relationship between the French and the Native Americans was way more cordial than the relationship between the British and the Native Americans. The French were interested in establishing trade posts instead of permanent settlements like the British did, so they did not displaced the Native people. The French respected their ways, made a point to learn their languages, and worked closely with them in the fur trade, becoming trusted friends.
That is why the Native Americans sided with the French against the British in the Seven Years War.
Answer:
If the two plates are of equal density, they usually push up against each other, forming a mountain chain. If they are of unequal density, one plate usually sinks beneath the other in a subduction zone.
Explanation:
Convergent boundaries is where two plates (a continental plate and the ocean floor) get "pushed together" by subduction. If they have the same density, they will be pushed up together creating a mountain (the Himalaya's mountain is a great example). If the plates have different density then the one with more density overlaps the other.
Answer:
Historian Eric Foner believed "the policy proved to be a disaster, leading to the loss of much tribal land and the erosion of Indian cultural traditions." The law often placed Indians on desert land unsuitable for agriculture, and it also failed to account for Indians who could not afford the cost of farming. In addition to scant payment, Native Americans were not used to spending money and quickly spent most of what they received. Many were left with little land and little money. Inheritance also became an issue for many Native Americans who enrolled to receive land from the Dawes Act. The assimilation policy of the Dawes Act failed because it didn't take into account the social and cultural differences between the Native Americans and the white settlers. Many others like the Kiowas didn't want to assimilate into white culture and as such resisted.
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