Answer:
The energy released is captured in the form of ATP (3 ATP per NADH and 2 ATP per FADH 2 ). The electron transport chain (ETC) consists of a series of molecules, mostly proteins, embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The glucose required for cellular respiration is produced by plants.
#1: Bacteria are like eukaryotic cells in that they have cytoplasm, ribosomes, and a plasma membrane. Features that distinguish a bacterial cell from a eukaryotic cell include the circular DNA of the nucleoid, the lack of membrane-bound organelles, the cell wall of peptidoglycan, and flagella. #2: Archaea have more complex RNA polymerases than Bacteria, similar to Eucarya. Unlike bacteria, archaea cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan. Archaea have different membrane lipid bonding from bacteria and eukarya. There are genetic differences. #10: Bacteria are classified into 5 groups according to their basic shapes: spherical (cocci), rod (bacilli), spiral (spirilla), comma (vibrios) or corkscrew (spirochaetes). They can exist as single cells, in pairs, chains or clusters. #12: Bacteria reproduce .In this process the bacterium, which is a single cell, divides into two identical daughter cells. Binary fission begins when the DNA of the bacterium divides into two (replicates). Each daughter cell is a clone of the parent cell. #13: Pathogenic bacteria are bacteria that can cause disease. ... One of the bacterial diseases with the highest disease burden is tuberculosis, caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which kills about 2 million people a year, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. Infection with a pathogen does not necessarily lead to disease. Infection occurs when viruses, bacteria, or other microbes enter your body and begin to multiply.Pathogenic microbes challenge the immune system in many ways. Viruses make us sick by killing cells or disrupting cell function. #14: Antibiotics work by affecting things that bacterial cells have but human cells don't. For example, human cells do not have cell walls, while many types of bacteria do. The antibiotic penicillin works by keeping a bacterium from building a cell wall. HOPE I HELPED I Don’t NO #11
Answer:
a Anaphase I
b Metaphase I
c Telophase I
d Anaphase II
e Prophase I
f Telophase II
Explanation:
Prophase I begins after the DNA has been duplicated, as shown in picture e. The chromosomes are condensed, and also visible, which is apparent in picture e.
The next stage is called Metaphase I, in which the pairs of homologous chromosomes align at The the centre of the cell and the spindle fibres attach, as shown in picture b.
The pairs of chromosomes are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell by the spindle fibres., as shown in picture a. This stage is called Anaphase I.
Then, a process called Telophase I occurs, when the cell divides into two daughter cells. One of these cells is shown in picture c.
Picture d shows the stage Anaphase II, where the spindle has attached and the chromatids are pulled to the opposite poles of the cell.
The final picture left is picture f, which shows the daughter cell at the end of meiosis II, where the nuclear envelope is reforming, as in telophase II.
Answer:
The sample mean is obviously different from the population mean, but tests of significance must be done to determine if the difference is statistically significant. The difference could possibly be attributed to chance or to sampling error.
Explanation:
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