Answer:
Ionic bonds form when atoms gain or lose electrons, because electrons are negatively charged an atom that loses one or more electrons will become positively charged. Ionic bonding is the attraction between negatively and positively charged electrons. Hope this helps :)
Answer: A PEDIGREE is a family-tree like representation of how organisms are related based on ANCESTRY. It shows genetic relatedness or blood relationship between individuals or organisms.
Explanation: Pedigree can be used to determine
1. Family history or genealogy.
2. Genetic or blood relationship.
3. Coefficient of relationship.
4. Degree of relationship.
5. Proportions of shared genes.
6. Mode of transmission of diseases.
7. Risk evaluation or determination.
Genetic counseling.
8. Linkage analysis.
Pedigree symbols are used in constructing pedigree.
The golf would weigh less than a gram, and the ball, if hit hard, would fly at least very far away due to the kinetic energy without any atmospheric drag.
There are two main reasons. First, there are introns and exons existed in eukaryotes. Introns do not contain the genetic information but are in large amount in chromosome. So, if the mutation occurs in the introns, it will be recessive. Second, one amino acid will corresponding to several base sequences. For example, UUU and UUC all represent Phe. This is called degeneracy. So if the mutation did not change the amino acid, it is also recessive.
Grana is the term that describes stacks of thylakoids.
