The appropriate response is that the zones are just situated in provincial territories. Low Emissions Zones is a movement contamination accuse plan of the point of lessening the tailpipe discharges of diesel-fueled business vehicles in London. Just vehicles that don't fit in with higher discharge models are charged, the others may enter the controlled zone for nothing out of pocket.
Higher trophic level is further up the food chain. Further up you go there are less and less competitors. So the answer is true