Answer
What? could you explain the question a bit more?
The Battle of Gaugamela, in which Alexander the Great defeated Darius III of Persia in 331 BC, took place approximately 100 kilometers (or 62 mi) west of Erbil, Iraq.
Even several decades before the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453, most of Greece had come under Ottoman rule. During this time, there were several revolt attempts by Greeks to gain independence from Ottoman control
Answer: first option!
It provided a code of laws that kept peace and order in the empire !
Explanation: just took the course:)
Owned land in asia (good for trading) thats a good one