Answer:
3.) Granite
Explanation:
Granite is the most common material out of all the options.
Deforestation<span>, clearance or clearing is the removal of a forest or stand of trees where the land is thereafter converted to a non-forest use. Examples of </span>deforestation<span> include conversion of forestland to farms, ranches, or urban use. The most concentrated </span>deforestation<span> occurs in tropical rainforests.</span>
Meiji reformers had a slogan, "Civilization and Enlightenment.<span>" which encapsulates the goals of their reform, they wanted to create a modern Japanese nation modeled after those in the Western world. Part of what they did in a bid to achieve this was that they sent </span><span>hundreds of Japanese to the United States and Europe to </span>study Western ways of life and government.
It's u/2 - 1/2. Another way of writing it can be (u-1)/2. Hope it helps!!