Explanation:
Nepal moved from unitary system with a three-level federal system of government. As federalism accelerates, the national health system can also speed up its own decentralization process, reduce disparities in access, and improve health outcomes. The turn towards federalism creates several potential opportunities for the national healthcare system. This is because decision making has been devolved to the federal, provincial and local governments, and so they can make decisions that are more representative of their localised health needs. The major challenge during the transition phase is to ensure that there are uninterrupted supplies of medical commodities and services. This requires scaling up the ability of local bodies to manage drug procurement and general logistics and adequate human resource in local healthcare centres. This article documents the efforts made so far in context of health sector federalization and synthesizes the progress and challenges to date and potential ways forward. This paper is written at a time while it is critical to review the federalism initiatives and develop way forward. As Nepal progress towards the federalized health system, we propose that the challenges inherent with the transition are critically analysed and mitigated while unfolding the potential of federal health system.
Keywords: Challenges and Opportunities, Decentralization, Federalism, Health Reform, Health Sector, Nepal
Background
With the promulgation of its constitution in 2015, Nepal replaced a unitary government with a federal system of government.1 This process has made Nepal a federal democratic republic governed with three levels of government: a federal level, seven provinces and 753 local government.2 It also led to local elections in late 2017 for the first time in two decades, a landmark achievement signalling that federalism is being implemented.2 With the ongoing restructuring of the health system delivery, this article aims to synthesize the progress and challenges to date and potential ways forward based on the perspective of the federal government. The progress of federalization in Nepal is also considered in light of the experiences of other countries that have implemented federalism, and these remarks may be pertinent to progressively guide the management of the health sector federalization.
Current Situation in Nepal
During the last few decades, Nepal Government has made significant progress towards reducing maternal, under-five and infant mortality rates. During the same period, Nepal was able to halt and reverse the trends of tuberculosis
There are many taxpayers who, after filing their returns, ask “Where’s my refund?” only to find out that they aren’t eligible for a tax refund. A tax refund is issued when the amount of income tax that you paid is more than what you actually owed for that year. Of course, everyone wants to get a tax refund — and while a refund is never guaranteed, there are some things you can do to better your chances of receiving a check from the IRS. The following tips can help you increase the odds of getting a tax refund and avoid confusion over the “where’s my refund” question.
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Put a system in place that sets the poverty level and anyone under that level can receive aide. Also make sure that the person is providing proof of needs. They should have to prove their income, their bills, their debt, and their need. They need to verify information has not changed after a specific time frame. So they need to be sure that they are monitoring the people who have aide and how they are using it. Like if you were making less than 10,000 a year and now you make 24,000; you would not qualify anymore.
Answer:a joint venture
Explanation:Joint Venture can be described as a business arrangement, wherein two or more independent firms come together to form a legally independent undertaking, for a stipulated period, to fulfil a specific purpose such as accomplishing a task, activity or project. In other words, it is a temporary partnership, established for a definite purpose, which may or may not uses a specific firm name.
Objectives of Joint Venture:
To enter foreign market and even new or emerging market.
To reduce the risk factor for heavy investment.
To make optimum utilisation of resources.
To gain economies of scale.
To achieve synergy.
中文泛指汉语语族及其书写系统。现代汉语（普通话）是世界上使用人数最多的语言。使用人数已达到十七亿以上。在中国，大陆使用简体汉字，港澳台地区使用繁体汉字。海外华人地区多使用繁体汉字。汉字的起源，有传说中的仓颉造字。我们现在能够确认距今约3000多年的甲骨文已经是非常成熟的文字体系，于1899年被发现。可以考证的汉字发展经历了甲骨文、金文、小篆、汉隶、楷书、行书、草书等过程，可以划分为两个大阶段。从甲骨文字到小篆是一个阶段；从秦汉时代的隶书以下是另一个阶段。前者属于古文字的范畴，后者属于近代文字的范畴。大体说来，从隶书到今天使用的现代汉字形体上没有太大的变化。从汉字跟汉语的关系看，汉字是一种语素文字。汉字代表的是汉语里的语素。汉字有独体字与合体字的区别。从构造上讲，合体字比独体字高一个层次 。合体字可以分成以下 3 类：①形声字。由表示意义的形旁和表示读音的声旁两部分组成；②合体会意字。是会合偏旁的字义来表现整个合体字的意义；③合体记号字。这种合体字的偏旁既不表意，也不表音。跟拼音文字相比，汉字最大的长处是能够超越空间和时间的限制，汉语是全世界唯一的三维文字，既有表音，又有表意，还有表形，是现阶段人类文明中最稳固也是最先进的语言体系 。
