The Himalayan mountain range and Tibetan plateau have formed as a result of the collision between the Indian Plate and Eurasian Plate which began 50 million years ago and continues today.
When a mid-ocean ridge is offset, the linear feature connecting and between the crests of the ridge segments is called a Transform Fault.
As the Earth's tectonic plates separate, new ocean bottom is generated along divergent plate borders, which are known as mid-ocean ridges. Massive basalt volcanic eruptions result from molten rock rising to the seafloor as the plates divide. A ridge's shape is influenced by how quickly it spreads; slower spreading rates produce steep, erratic topography, while faster spreading rates result in much wider profiles and kinder slopes.
In geology and oceanography, a transform fault is a type of fault when two tectonic plates slide past one another. A transform fault may develop in the area of a fracture zone that connects spreading centres to deep-sea trenches in subduction zones or that lies between various offset spreading centres.
In the 1960s, Morgan postulated that spreading centres and transform faults separate opposing plates along an oceanic ridge crest that is offset by fracture zones.
The direction of motion on the transform faults was predicted by Morgan's hypothesis to be opposite to the offsets of the ridge crests, which was a rather dramatic assertion.
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Calhoun was vice president of the United States in 1824 under John Quincy Adams and was re-elected in 1828 under Andrew Jackson. Jackson was for the Tariff of 1828 and caused Calhoun to be opposed to Jackson, which led to Calhoun's resignation in 1832.
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