If a government doesn't have definite laws, the people may abuse the amount of freedom they have. The code of Hammurabi says that "what you do to someone, will happen to you too" (eye for an eye) kept the citizens in the area safe because they knew there would be serious consequences to what they might do to others.
Fellah is a peasant, farmer or agricultural laborer in the Middle East and North Africa
I think the United States help Western European countries regain their economic strength in order to hold off the threat of communism by initiating the Marshall Plan.