What does the word penned mean in the way it is used in line 1
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Answer:
Examination malpractice dilutes sanctity and integrity of certificates in the sense that bring down the standard of education and produce unqualified products.
Explanation:
Examination malpractice can be regarded as a deliberate wrong doing by the students and authority which is contrary to official examination rules .
In most cases examination malpractice is designed to place a candidate at an unfair advantage or disadvantage and this can bring a fall in the standard of education.
Learn more about examination malpractice at;
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