Answer:
1. False
2. False
3. False
4. True
5. True
Explanation:
1. False: Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to ensure that investors invest only in companies that will be profitable.
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 is a legal framework which was passed by the 107th U.S Congress on the 30th of July, 2002. The law required that investment banking be completely made rid of research analysts who works at a broker-dealer firms, so that the analysts are not influenced to write favorable reports to enhance their potential investment banking businesses.
Hence, it is a federal law that imposes a stiffer penalty for any securities related law break offence by the accountants, auditors etc by mandating strict reforms to the existing securities regulations.
2. False: The standards of conduct by which actions are judged as loyal or disloyal are ethics.
Ethics can be defined as a standard of conduct that judges a person's action as either right or wrong.
Hence, it's a set of both written and unwritten principles, values or rules of moral conduct that guides (governs) human behaviors. Ethics is a reflection that is typically based on identifying what is good or bad, right or wrong and just or unjust with respect to human behaviors.
3. False: The primary accounting standard-setting body in the United States is the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
In the United States of America, the financial accounting standards board (FASB) is the primary accounting standard-setting body.
The financial accounting standards board (FASB) is a private, non-profit organization saddled with the responsibility of establishing and maintaining financial accounting and reporting standards for general guidance of individuals or capital providers such as investors, issuers and auditors.
4. True: The historical cost principle dictates that companies record assets at their cost and continue to report them at their cost over the time the assets are held.
5. True: The monetary unit assumption requires that companies record only transactions that can be measured in money.
