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Answer:
Catalyst, in chemistry, any substance that increases the rate of a reaction without itself being consumed. Enzymes are naturally occurring catalysts responsible for many essential biochemical reactions.
Population decrease and extinction
The Sun's rays hit Earth's surface nearly at righ angles at Equator.
Duirng March equinox and September equinox the rays fall perpendicular at Equator. During this times the duration of day light and night are nearly equal.
The Sun's rays fall perpedicular during that time because the Sun is in the sky directly over the Equator.