<span>attention or concentration </span><span>comprehension </span><span>previous knowledge </span><span>interest in material heard </span><span>physiology </span>
Reading is not an element of listening because, quite frankly, it's reading, nos listening. All the others, though, are. You need attention to comprehend well. Having interest in the material makes you more aware and receptive. Previous knowledge might help you to understand better what you are being told and your physiology might indicate how well you can hear, even.
