It’s due to stem cells. The genes in dna turn on and off to give a cell a specific job, so stem cells can be “programmed” as any cell the body needs. (Muscle cell, skin cell, etc)
Im not too sure what the answers you have are but cotton swab and put it in a bag if you write your own
Minerals move downward through soils in a process called leaching.
God bless!
It will be cooler if you close to a body of water