Empires originated as different types of states, although they commonly began as powerful monarchies. ... Many empires were the result of military conquest, incorporating the vanquished states into a political union, but imperial hegemony can be established in other ways.... he already answered so sorry
One way that politics/society is different today as in 1939 is that in 1939 voting wasnt the same for some people, but today everyone has rights to vote. One way that is the same is that males have been president since 1939- today.
I believe it is C. Memorials to powerful former leaders