Equivalent ratios (which are, in effect, equivalent fractions) are two ratios that express the same relationship between numbers. We can create equivalent ratios by multiplying or dividing both the numerator and denominator of a given ratio by the same number.
Rhetorical devices are used for persuasion or to evoke emotion. Logical fallacy is an error in reasoning. I think that A makes the most sense. If not A then maybe C.