The humanist scholarship encouraged oceanic exploration as due to the large-scale printing of books, people started gaining knowledge and setting out on oceanic expeditions in order to find new trade routes and satisfy their spirit of adventure.
The factors which motivated the Portuguese, particularly Prince Henry the Navigator, to explore west Africa were to extract and export gold and other valuables from which Portugal could benefit. The other reason was that Prince Henry was fascinated about west Africa as the Portuguese had little knowledge about it.
With the development of the printing press, books were available more easily and were even cheaper. This help in the widespread of new ideas and thoughts in society. People built sturdier ships with this knowledge and set out to explore new oceanic routes to procure spices and other goods at cheaper prices from different parts of the world.
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The second assumption is that there is something exceptional about Africa, that while other continents and peoples have got or are getting richer, Africans, for reasons we can think but no longer speak in polite company, choose to remain in poverty. Our capacity to see Africa as divergent lets us off the hook so we don’t have to understand our own complicity in the challenges various African countries face today. It also means we rarely rage as we should against the actions of the corporations and governments that profit from instability, corruption or even inexperience (African negotiators at the climate talks have historically been disadvantaged by their lack of experience and the expectation among western negotiators that they should be grateful with whatever they get).
If there is, then, no innate propensity for corruption, violence or poverty in Africa, then the narratives that fuel the stereotypes need questioning. One possible explanation comes from the Nigerian author Chinua Achebe, who said: “The west seems to suffer deep anxieties about the precariousness of its civilisation and to have a need for constant reassurance by comparison with Africa.” Perhaps it’s not Africa that needs saving, but us.
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An alluvial fan is a triangle-shaped deposit of gravel, sand, and even smaller pieces of sediment, such as silt. This sediment is called alluvium. Alluvial fans are usually created as flowing water interacts with mountains, hills, or the steep walls of canyons.
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