Answer:
The goals of the reforms of Peter I (1682-1725) were to maximize the power of the tsar, increase the military power of the country, expand the country’s territory and gain access to the sea. In addition to state reforms, at the first stage, extensive reforms were carried out with the aim of modernizing the way of life.
The first part of the local government reforms aimed at increasing the efficiency of taxation, as well as organizing the maintenance and supply of food for the naval units. The second part was the transfer of local government from the specifics of wartime to a peaceful period, the main purpose of which was to strengthen police surveillance, combat the flight of serfs and the development of industry. All local reforms were consistent with the general direction of the policy of Peter I on the centralization of the state apparatus. Moreover, in the second period, reforms were more systematic.
Instead of the Boyar Duma, in 1700 the Council of Ministers was created, which met in the Near Chancellery, and in 1711 - the Senate, which by 1719 had become the highest state body.
The largest administrative reform of the local government was the creation in 1708 of eight provinces led by governors - in 1719 their number increased to 11.
An important state reform of Peter I was the law on succession to the throne (1722). He canceled the usual sequence of replacement of the throne within the dynasty. From now on, the incumbent sovereign could himself choose anyone as his successor.
Peter I introduced a new alphabet, which facilitated literacy and contributed to typography. The first Russian newspaper Vedomosti began to be published, and in 1703 the first book in Russian with Arabic numerals appeared.
The main goal of the estate reform of Peter I was to formalize the rights and obligations of each estate - the nobility, peasantry, and urban population.
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