The event that signaled the shift and directional change of the SNCC is Stokely Carmichael became its leader in 1966. This happened when he became their leader and that he had many plans to this organization that helped the students also in protecting their rights of speech.
I'd say d. The religious freedoms because of,
"Traditionally, Isabella has been regarded as the living symbol of the religious awakening in Spain, but an examination of the letters exchanged between the king and the queen shows that they acted in perfect accord, moved by the same fanatical urge."
I would say Liberalism, in my opinion.
The South was fighting a defensive war. The confederates prefer a defensive doctrine to defeat the numerically superior Union forces and to invite foreign powers especially Great Britain in their side thus winning the war against the Union forces in the American civil war.