In the late 19th century, critics of big business claimed that monopolies most harmed the economy by "reducing competition," since this in turn reduces consumer choice and inflates prices.
Europe's economy improved significantly as new roads and infrastructure were developed.
Former Roman lands were split up and claimed by Germanic kingdoms.
There was a definite decline in Christianity, its followers, and its spread across lands.
Trade increased in the West, resulting in an end to the recession taking place at that time.
