Answer:
The ulama advised the caliph. Caliph was the religious and political leader of all Muslims till the 9th century.
Explanation:
Middle Ages is the period in European history from the collapse of Roman civilization to the period of the Renaissance that is from 5th century to the beginning of 13th, 14th or 15th century according to the various regions of Europe.
Religion and government were very much connected in the Muslim states. The ulama advised the caliph. Caliph was the religious and political leader of all Muslims till the 9th century.
The ulama were important religious scholars and experts in Sharia law and
Caliph was the leader of the umma.
Although there is not many things that can be done to reduce bycatch and bottom trawling, there are things that can help prevent the death toll of animals. This includes, technological fixes such as turtle exclusion devices to reduce the amount of deaths of turtles and bird scaring devices to scare the birds away from places that may cause harm.
Answer:
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Explanation:
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