"The Resistance to Civil Government" was based on a series of lectures Thoreau gave in 1848 on the shared responsibilities and duties of citizens and their governments. The writing was informed a great deal by the debate over slavery in the United States, and the country's actions in the Mexican-American War.
30S 90E = None of the above. It's in the Indian Ocean (They could have meant 30S 90W. That's in the Pacific Ocean, which is on the list but hasn't been used).