Answer:
The organisms reproduce in two ways:
Asexual Reproduction– In this process, only a single parent is involved and no gamete formation takes place.
Sexual Reproduction– In this process, two parents are involved and gamete formation takes place. Meiosis is an important step in sexual reproduction.
Key Points on How do organisms reproduce
- Reproduction is the process of producing new individuals of the same kind.
- Organisms reproduce in two ways- asexually and sexually.
- Asexual reproduction does not involve the fusion of male and female gametes. This takes place in bacteria, amoeba, hydra, etc.
- Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes and can be seen in humans and many animals.
- Fission, budding, vegetative propagation, fragmentation are some different types of asexual reproduction. It does not require any reproductive organs.
- Sexual reproduction involves the reproductive organs of male and female.
The amount of energy at each trophic level decreases as it moves through an ecosystem. As little as 10 percent of the energy at any trophic level is transferred to the next level; the rest is lost largely through metabolic processes as heat.
Answer:
Water pollution is one of the most common type of pollution that leads to the deterioration of the water quality mainly due to the man-made interference. Direct and indirect pollution are two of its types. Direct pollution as the term suggests refers to the direct flow of pollutants in the water in contrast to the indirect pollution that accounts for the transport of pollutants eventually to the water body.
Explanation:
Direct pollution is characterized by the release of toxic fluid directly in the water body. The main source of this type of pollution are the toxic pollutants from the large factories. Some of the other sources includes solid waste from the household activities and waste from agricultural practice like fertilizers, and the waste generated by the waste water treatment plant.
Bacterial diseases can be grouped into four broad categories based on the extent of damage to plant tissue and the symptoms that they cause, which may include vascular wilt, necrosis, soft rot, and tumours. Vascular wilt results from the bacterial invasion of the plant’s vascular system. The subsequent multiplication and blockage prevents movement (translocation) of water and nutrients through the xylem of the host plant. Drooping, wilting, or death of the aerial plant structure may occur; examples include bacterial wilt of sweet corn, alfalfa, tobacco, tomato, and cucurbits (e.g., squash, pumpkin, and cucumber) and black rot of crucifers. Pathogens can cause necrosis by secreting a toxin (poison). Symptoms include formation of leaf spots, stem blights, or cankers. Soft rot diseases are caused by pathogens that secrete enzymes capable of decomposing cell wall structures, thereby destroying the texture of plant tissue—i.e., the plant tissue becomes macerated (soft and watery). Soft rots commonly occur on fleshy vegetables such as potato, carrot, eggplant, squash, and tomato. Tumour diseases are caused by bacteria that stimulate uncontrolled multiplication of plant cells, resulting in the formation of abnormally large structures.
