It is simply saying that all is now in chaos. I am assuming the part that is confusing is "the quiet sands have run." It could easily be alluding to the way that during a sandstorm, the calm sands of the surface are no longer there as the chaos of the storm casts them about.
This is called the "centralized" approach. It means that one person becomes in charge of more and is also more responsible for the company's actions which may or may not do the company good.
Answer: D. sentence 2
Sentence 2 is a sentence fragment because it is not at least a independent clause.
Answer:
by adding source information in parentheses at the end of the quote
by adding quotation marks around the direct quote from the manager
Answer: C
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