In the Southern subregion of sub-Saharan Africa, the country which is mainly covered by the Kalahari Desert is Botswana. Other countries which are touched by the Kalahari Desert are Namibia and South Africa. The Kalahari Desert is a large semi-arid sandy savanna in the southern portion of Africa. It spans 350,000 square miles and is home to many animals.
The factors that contributed to the environmental problems which exist in Europe was that B. Much of Europe is densely populated.
The most common method of extracting coal from mines are:
- The most common method of surface mining is open pit mining. This technique is most appropriate for areas with flat terrain, exposing coal while removing soil above the coal layer in batch system. When all the soil above the coal layer is removed, the underlying coal block is exposed and can then be drilled and blown. This process is performed successively, block by block.
- The contour mining method is the most commonly used surface mining technique in steep terrain areas. This method involves removing the soil above the charcoal layer in a standardized way, following the surroundings of a hill or a mountain, for example. This method requires great safety precautions, as it can cause large landslides and serious soil erosion problems. To solve these problems, a variety of methods have been developed over the years to establish limits for mining work.
- The method of mountain mine clearance involves the removal of mountains to expose coal shafts, eliminating sterile areas from mining sites. This practice combines the technology of mining of surroundings with the one of mining in the open sky.
Answer:
Disadvantages of water transfer schemes:
The dams and aqueducts (bridges used to transport water) that are needed are expensive to build;
Building dams can have a negative environmental impact, this includes large-scale flooding of natural habitats;
Fish migration can be disrupted by dams;