The fighting went on after Cornwallis Surrendered. The American Congress ratified,
        
             
        
        
        
Answer: He came up with the short stabbing spear and the long shield
Explanation:
Before Shaka Zulu came to prominence, the tribes in Southern Africa at the time fought with long spears and short shields. Each side would stand apart from the other and throw their long spears to try to kill as many of the other ones as they could. 
Shaka Zulu decried this method and came up with a short stabbing spear and a long shield. With the long shield made of cow skin, Zulu warriors would be able to hide from the spears thrown by their enemies and then when they ran out of spears, Zulu warriors would attack them and use shot stabbing spears which were made for close combat, to defeat them. 
 
        
             
        
        
        
The twelfth amendment to the constitution was added in 1804 in response to the 1800 presidential election. This amendment was meant to break a tie in the presidential election as was witnessed when Thomas Jefferson, a presidential candidate received the same number of electoral votes as Aaron Burr, the vice presidential candidate. 
        
             
        
        
        
I believe the answer is: Draft
Draft is a rough planning that we made before putting any specification on what we want to do for the presentation. In the draft, we would write the 'big picture' things that we wish to achieve without having to put a specified plan on how to achieve that 'big picture' goals.