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Kruka [31]
3 years ago
13

Suppose that, among related host species that carry related symbionts, the relationship is mutualistic in some pairs and parasit

ic in others. How would you determine (a) which relationship is mutualistic and which is parasitic (0.5 pt), (b) what the direction of evolutionary change has been (1 pt), and (c) whether the change from one to the other kind of interaction has been a result of evolutionary change in the symbiont, in the host, or both (1 pt)? (Hint: for (b) and (c), think phylogenies!)
Biology
1 answer:
romanna [79]3 years ago
5 0

Answer & Explanation:

a) a) Mutualistic relationship differs from parasitism because the first one benefits both of the involved organisms. Otherwise, parasitism benefits only one of the organisms and it can harm the host. Therefore, the parasite would have to be smaller than the host and it would be somehow extracting energy from the host.

b) The direction of evolutionary changes would follow some kind of pattern, like coevolution. Therefore, analyzing the phylogenies individually and then contrasting them, would help to understand how the host, as well as the parasite, have been evolving.

c) The phylogeny would also help to understand what changed first, or if they changed together as a result of coevolution.

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What happens to the phosphates when plants and animals die?
andrew-mc [135]

Answer:

When plants and animals die, organic molecules also undergoes decomposition and this causes the incorporated phosphates to go back to the soil or bodies of water.

Explanation:

Phosphates are naturally related to <u>"phosphorus."</u> <em>They play a vital role in the life of animals and plants. </em>Phosphorus can be commonly be found on the earth's land and water (although the land has a smaller amount of it). <u>Plants naturally absorb phosphate from where they're growing. Animals take up phosphates by eating plants.</u> The phosphate that plants get from the soil are considered inorganic. They only become organic when it is incorporated into the plants DNA (since this is an organic molecule).

So, this means that if there's a sufficient amount of phosphate, there will be more plants on earth as it is also important in the process of acquiring nutrients.

When animals and plants die, all of the organic molecules such as phosphate also breaks down and thus, it falls back to the soil or bodies of water. Then, they are ready to enter another Phosphorus cycle.

6 0
3 years ago
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What controls how high and low tides will be
alekssr [168]

Answer:

The moon.

Explanation:

High tides and low tides are caused by the Moon. The Moon's gravitational pull generates something called the tidal force. The tidal force causes Earth—and its water—to bulge out on the side closest to the Moon and the side farthest from the Moon.

7 0
2 years ago
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Which level of organization is characterized by a group of cells that work together to perform a common function
Whitepunk [10]

Hey there! :D

Organization in organisms is like this:

cells => tissues => organs => organ systems => organisms

Since we are talking about a group of cells, this would be a tissue. Don't let the word 'function' confuse you. Tissues do functions as well as an entire organ or organ system.

It is helpful to use the flow chart when asked questions like these, so make sure to memorize it! It will be helpful in any level of science.

I hope this helps!

~kaikers

4 0
3 years ago
Which of the following best describes scientific theory?
STatiana [176]

D.

Theories always change. That's why science always changes

6 0
3 years ago
A researcher introduces a signal produced by bacteria to eukaryotic cells that she is culturing in the laboratory. Remarkably, s
Nadusha1986 [10]

Answer:B.The signal is either similar in structure to a ligand used by eukaryotes, or this signaling pathway is utilized by both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Explanation: Eucaryotic cell is a cell whose Nucleus is clearly defined and confined within a membrane.

Procaryotic cell is a cell which does not have a clearly defined Nucleus.

Signals are stimuli which can be felt by an organism, specific organismal have its own kinds of signals which it can respond to,but some times signals with specific features can create response in two or more type or species of organisms. What happened in the lab is a case where a partial signal can be sensed by both procaryotes and eucaryotes because it has either a similar structure or its pathway can be used by either Eucaryotic cells and procaryotic cells.

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3 years ago
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