Vertical integration is a manner of organizing the supply chain of a company, in which the firm owns the facilities where the different parts of the production process are performed (obtention of raw materials, intermediate transformations, final transformation, etc), instead of buying intermediate goods or raw materials from suppliers, to subsequently produce their own products.
Vertical integration requires extremely high levels of investment, but if a firm can afford to follow this strategy, it will experience a drastic cost reduction and productivity improvements in its production process. Vertical integration enhances the produdction capacity of a firm, and allows it to reach <u>economies of scale. </u>
Oftentimes, independent states unified under a weak central government is known as a "<span>b. Confederate government," although the degree to which power is concentrated in the states van vary significantly. </span>
Hey there,
1) It took away their hunting grounds, which make them incompetent to fulfill their daily needs for living
2) They were forced to sell their land, which make them have no choice but to move away from their ancestor's land.
Hope this helps :))
~Top♥
"With malice towards none, with charity for all."
